Sri Lanka
In combination with substantial declines in fertility since the 1970s, advances in human development have led to rapid demographic aging (Figure 2.8). The proportion of the population 65 years and older will increase from 6.7 percent in 2000 to 13.6 percent in 2025. This demographic transition has been accompanied by an epidemiologic transition, that is, a growing NCD burden.
Source: U.S Census Bureau www.census.gov.ihp, accessed July 1, 2010.
In 2004, NCDs accounted for 87.5 percent of the total burden of forgone DALYs, with communicable diseases and MCH issues the remainder. Of the total DALY burden, CVD accounted for 9.3 percent, mental health 11.5 percent, cancer 4.7 percent, respiratory diseases 5.1 percent, diabetes 1.9 percent, and injuries 35.9 percent.
* CVD:
Approximately 82,000 admissions in government hospitals were IHD cases, equivalent to a rate of 410 admissions per 100,000 population, which is comparable to the rate in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries (330–1,200).
* Diabetes:
Among those 18 years and older, 10.3 percent have diabetes, similar to that found in
the United States.
* Lipids:
Mean total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in the population
are 203 and 133 mg/dl, respectively. Levels are significantly higher in females than in males.
* Hypertension:
A national survey in 1998–2002 reported a prevalence of hypertension in adults of 13 percent in men and 14 percent in women
* Respiratory diseases:
Since 1991, the annual number of deaths from asthma has doubled from under 2,000 a year to more than 4,000 in 2003, to account for 4 percent of all deaths.
* Injuries:
Traumatic injuries are the leading cause of inpatient morbidity. NCDs account for 36 percent of all admissions, of which half are injuries.
* Smoking:
Prevalence is lower than in other South Asian countries (males 32 percent, females
2 percent) while smoking prevalence among youth is similar (boys 12 percent, girls 6 percent).
No comments:
Post a Comment