INTRODUCTION(cont...)
Several other situations may benefit from international collaboration. For example, smaller countries may not—alone—be able to carry out important activities efficiently, including training health professionals; purchasing, manufacturing, and regulating drugs; and conducting research.
showed common county-level gaps in human resource supply and skills for NCDs, medication availability and affordability, an evidence base for interventions, and surveillance systems.) In addition, some countries may be reluctant to undertake certain initiatives because they are concerned that they will lead to increased levels of smuggling across international borders, lowering tax revenues.
This is especially true for tobacco and alcohol, but also applies to pharmaceuticals and other health products where a secondary market for drugs exists (if one country, for example, negotiates a better price than another).
Examples where regional approaches have been employed include those for HIV/AIDS in Africa, Central Asia, and the Caribbean (World Bank 2008b; Godinho et al. 2005).27 With commonalities among countries, these two reports describe how a regional approach has focused on developing national policies, using evidence-based interventions, prioritizing strategies, targeting multisector and civil society responses, enhancing capacity for monitoring and evaluation, and harmonizing donor collaboration.
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