UPSC preliminary MCQ'S 2019 Part 05

Consider the following statements regarding the 'Diamond Quadrilateral' project:

1.It is a project related to the development of highways in India.

2. It connects the four metro cities in India, i.e. Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai.

3. It falls under the Ministry of railways.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1, 2 and 3

b) 2 and 3 Only

c) 2 Only

d) 1 and 3 Only

Correct Answer: B

Explanation

Statement 1 is INCORRECT. The Diamond Quadrilateral is a project of the Indian railways to establish a high speed rail network in India. This quadrilateral will connect the four metro cities

in India, i.e. Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai. This project is similar to Golden Quadrilateral which is a roadway project which connects the four metros by Express Ways. The Golden Quadrilateral falls under National Highways Development Project which has helped to build better road transport in India. Similarly to improve country's rail infrastructure there is a need

to implement High-speed trains / Bullet trains.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_Quadrilateral

Tikdam: One thing is for sure, 1 and 3 cannot be simultaneously correct! (Why?- Highways cannot be constructed by Ministry of Railways) Hence a) and d) are eliminated. Also, one of these two (statement 1/statement 3) will be correct, hence '2 Only' is incorrect. Therefore we are left with only one answer choice, i.e, b).

The factors determining the climate of India are

1. Latitude

2. The himalayan mountain

3. Distribution of land and water

4. Distance from the sea

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Use the code given below to select the correct option:

a) 1 and 2 Only

b) 1, 2 and 3 Only

c) 2, 3, 4 Only

d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Correct Answer: D

Explanation

India’s climate is controlled by a number of factors which can be broadly divided into two groups — factors related to location and relief, and factors related to air pressure and winds. The factors affecting India's climate (location and relief) are: Latitude, the Himalayan mountains, distribution of land and water, distance from the sea, altitude, relief, etc. Source: Indian Geography, class 11, Unit 4 , Climate

Consider the following statements regarding the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ):

1. The inter tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is a high pressure zone.

2. The Inter Tropical convergence Zone is located at equator

3. The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone is also called Doldrums where north east and south east trade winds converge.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1, 2 and 3

b) 1 and 3 Only

c) 2 and 3 Only

d) 1 and 2 Only

Correct Answer: C

Explanation

The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low pressure zone located at the equator where trade winds converge, and so, it is a zone where air tends to ascend. In July, the ITCZ is located around 20°N-25°N latitudes (over the Gangetic plain), sometimes called the monsoon trough. This monsoon trough encourages the development of thermal low over north and northwest India. Due to the shift of ITCZ, the trade winds of the southern hemisphere cross the equator between 40° and 60°E longitudes and start blowing from southwest to northeast due to the Coriolis force. It becomes southwest monsoon. In winter, the ITCZ moves southward, and so

the reversal of winds from northeast to south and southwest, takes place. They are called northeast monsoons.

Source: Indian Geography, class 11, unit 4

Tikdam: 1 and 2 cannot be simultaneously correct. Why? If this zone is at the equator, it will have low pressure (not high). Hence answer choices a) and b) are eliminated. c) and d) have 

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statement 2 common, hence statement 2 is definitely right. This means that ITCZ is at the equator, where enough heating takes place to give rise to a low pressure system. Hence statement 1 is definitely INCORRECT, which implies c) is the right answer!