Cricket World Cup

Year	Place	Winner	Runner Up	Difference	Cup
1975	England	West Indies	Australia	17 Runs	Prudential
1979	England	West Indies	England	92Runs	Prudential
1983	England	India	West Indies	43 Runs	Prudential
1987	India/Pak	Australia	England	7 Runs	Reliance
1992	Australia/New Zeland	Pakistan	England	22 Runs	Bensun & Hedges
1996	India/Pak/Sri	Sri Lanka	Australia	7 Wickets	Wills
1999	England	Australia	Pakistan	8 Wickets	ICC World Cup
2003	South Africa	Australia	India	125 Runs	ICC World Cup
2007	West Indies	Australia	Sri Lanka	Australia Won by 53 Runs (D/L method)	ICC World Cup
2011	India/Sri Lanka/Bangladesh	India	Sri Lanka	India Won by 6 Wickets	ICC World Cup

Name of Cups and tropies and their related Sports

Name of Cup/Trophy	Sports
Aga khan cup	Hockey
Bangalore cup	Basket Ball
Beighton cup	Hockey
Burdwan cup	Weight Lifting
D. C. M cup	Football
Dhayanchand cup	Hockey
B. C Roy trophy	National Junior Football
Duleep trophy	Cricket
Duran cup	Football
Ezra cup	Polo
Fedaration cup	Football
Jaylaxmi cup/Championship(T.T)	National Women
Lady Ratan Tata trophy	Women's Hockey
Nehru trophy	Women's Hockey
Nehru Gold cup	Football(International)
Nijam Gold cup	Football
Rajkumari cup	T.T(Junior girls)
Rajkumar cup	T.T(Junior boys)
Rangaswami cup	National Hockey Championship
Ranji trophy	National Cricket
Santosh trophy	National Football
Rovers cup	Football
Irani trophy	Cricket
Subrata Mukherjee cup/Championship	National School Football
Ranjit Singh Gold cup	Hockey
Prithbi Singh cup	Polo
Rohinton Barua trophy	Inter University Cricket
Maulana Azad trophy	Inter University Sports(Athletics)
Ashes trophy	Cricket(Australia vs. England 5 test series)
America cup	Yatch Racing
Canada cup	Golf(World Championship)
Colombo cup	Football(IND, PAK, SRI, BURMA)
Davis cup	Lawn Tennis(men, world)
Federation cup	Lawn Tennis(women, world)
Corbillon cup	World's T.T(women's)
Derby cup	Horse Racing
Kings cup	Cart Racing
Merdeka cup	Football(Indonesia)
Prince of Wales cup	Golf
Ryder cup	Golf
Thomas cup	World Badminton(men's)
Uber cup	World Badminton(women's)
U Thant cup	Lawn Tennis
FIFA cup	Football
Tunku Abdid rahman	Asian Badminton
Coach Behar trophy	Cricket
Deodhar trophy	Cricket
Schindhia cup	Hockey
All England Championship	Badminton
Walker cup	Golf
Wellington cup	Rowing
Swaythling cup	World T.T(men's)
Vizzy cup	Cricket
Gurunanak Championship	Hockey(women's)
Obaidullah Gulf cup	Hockey
Jules Rimet	World Soccer cup
Reliance cup	Cricket
Grand National	Horse Racing
Hapman cup	Golf
Sahara cup	Cricket

Indian Articles

Indian Constitution and its parts
Part	Subject	Article Number
(i)	Indian Union and its Territories	1-4
(ii)	Citizenship	5-11
(iii)	Fundamental Rights	12-35/14-32
(iv)	Fundamental Duties	36-51
(iv)/A	Directive Principles of State Policy	51A
(v)	Central Activity: President and Vice President Prime Minister & Attorney General Compproller & Auditor General(CAG)	52-151
(vi)	State Activity: Rajyapal Chief-Minister Advocate General	152-237
(viii)	Law of Union Territories	239-241
(x)	Tribal Areas	244-244/A
(xi)	Legislative Relations Administrative Relations	245-263
(xiv)	Services Under the Union and States	308-323
(xv)	Elections Commission	324-329
(xviii)	Emergency Provisions	352-360
(xx)	Amendment of the Constitution of India	368
(xxi)	Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions	369-392
(xxii)	Short title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi and Repeals	393-395

Schedules of Indian constitution

Schedules

1st schedule: The states and Territories.
2nd schedule:  Provision as to the President and the Governors of states.
3rd schedule: Forms of Oaths or Affirmations.
4th schedule: Allocation of seats in the Council of States.
5th schedule: Provision as to the Administration and Control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes.
6th schedule: Provisions as to the Administration of Tribal Areas in the States of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram.
7th schedule: Union list - State list - Concurrent list.
8th schedule: 22 languages came into Indian constitution. (Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri,Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santhali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu).
9th schedule: Laws and orders of central and state government will not be judged by any civil court.
10th schedule: Provisions as to disqualification on ground of defection (Antidefection Law).
11th schedule: 73rd Amendment Act, 1992. 29 subjects are placed into panchayat system.
12th schedule: 74th Amendment Act, 1992. 18 subjects are placed for Municipality Corporation etc.

Constitution of India

Stages of Constitution of India

1942-Quit India Movement 1946-Cabinet Mission Interim Government Constituent Assembly Drafting Committee Indian Constitution

Indian Constitution based on mainly four Pillars;

Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy.

1. Preamble:

Preamble is called as "A key to understanding the constitution". In preamble India is described by this order; Sovereign-Socialist-Secular-Democratic-Republic 

2. Fundamental Rights:

(a)Right to Equality
(b)Right to Freedom
(c)Right against Exploitation
(d)Right to freedom of Religion
(e)Cultural and educational rights
(f)Right to Constitutional remedies 

3. Fundamental Duties:

(i) Respect to the Indian Constitution, National flag and the National anthem.

(ii) To cherish the Nobel ideals for their struggle for freedom.

(iii) To uphold and protect the Sovereignty, Unity and Integrity of India.

(iv) Defend and Render services to protect our nation.

(v) Promote common brotherhood to all the People of India and renounce practice derogatory to the dignity of women.

(vi) Preserve the rich heritage of our nation’s composite culture.

(vii) Protect and improve the natural environment and have compassion for living creatures.

(viii) Develop and prosper the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.

(ix) Protect public property and adjure violence.

(x) Strive towards excellence and development in all individual and collective  activity.

(xi) It is the duty of parents to provide educational opportunities to their child, for minimum 14 years of age.

National Games

Country	Game
Japan	Jujusu(Karate)
Australia	Cricket
Scotland	Rugby
America	Baseball
Canada	Ice Hockey
Spain	Bull Fight
England	Cricket
India	Kabaddi / Hockey
Russia	Chess / Football
China	Table Tennis
Malayesia	Badminton
Brazil	Football
Pakistan	Hockey

Asian Games

Year	Place	Ranking
1951	Delhi(1st asian games)	1st Japan, 2nd India, 3rd Iran
1954	Manila(Philippines)	Japan
1958	Tokyo(Japan)	Japan
1962	Jakarta(Indonesia)	1st Japan, 2nd Indonesia, 3rd India
1966	Bangkok(Thailand)	Japan
1970	Bangkok(Thailand)	Japan
1974	Tehran(Iran)	Japan
1978	Bangkok(Thailand)	Japan
1982	Delhi(India)	China
1986	Scot (South Korea)	China
1990	Beijing(China)	China
1994	Herosima(Japan)	China
1998	Bangkok(Thailand)	China
2002	Pusan(South Korea)	China
2006	Doha(Quatar)	China
2010	Gungihou(China)	China
2014	Incheon(South Korea)

Common wealth Games

Place	Year	Number of participated countries
Hamilton(Canada)	1930	(11 countries participated)
London(UK)	1934	(16 countries participated)
Sydney(Australia)	1938	(15 countries participated)
Jamica(F.R Indies)	1966	(34 countries participated)
Kualalampur(Malaysia) First in Asia	1998	(70 countries participated)
Manchester(UK)	2002	(72 countries participated)
Melbourne(Australia) India 22gold,silver,11 bronze	2006	(71 countries participated)
New Delhi(India)	2010(first time in India)	-
Glasgow scotland	2014	-

Studies of Science

Various Science studies techniques are there in the world.

Anatomy : Science about structure of body parts of a plant  or human.

Anthropology : Science about Physical and mental health of human beings.

Arboriculture : Science about cultivation of Plants and vegetables.

Archeaology : Scientific study of human cultures and civilizations in the past.

Astrology : Scientific study of the relation between Celestial bodies and human world.

Astonomy : Science that deals with the study of celestial objects.

Astronautics : Science of practice of navigation beyond the atmosphere of Earth.

Bacteriology : Science that deals with the study of various bacteria's.

 Biology: Science that deals with the study of living things.

Bionics : Scientific Study on modern technology.

Bionomy : Science of the laws of life.

Botany : Science about plants.

Ceramics : Science that deals with the study of living things.

Chemotherapy : Cure of diseases through various chemical things.

Conchology : Science that deals with the study of living things mollusc shells.

Cosmology : The science of Universe.

Cryptography : Science of Secret Writing.

Criogenics : Produce, manage and apply of any objects using low heat.

Chronology : Scientific study of the Arrangements of events with respect to time, date and order of occurrence.

Cytogenetics : Science that deals with Development of Cell.

Cytology : Science about cell's.

Ecology : Science about Environment.

Entomology : Science that deals with the study of Insects.

Epigraphy : Science that deals with the study of inscriptions or epigraphs as writing.

Ethics : Science about moral Philosophy.

Ethmology : Science that deals with the study of Mental and Physical changes in human beings.

Etymology : Science that deals with the study of Origin and History  of Sound.

Eugenics : Science about improving the genetic composition of a population.

Types of computer

What is Computer

Computer is an electrical or electromechanical device which takes data as input and produce information as output.

1. Computer has no I.Q (Intelligent quotient).

2. Computer has no feeling.

General purpose computer

This type of computer can  do different types of work. But accuracy level is low. Personal Computer (pc) is a kind of general purpose computer.

Special purpose computer

This type of computer used for any particular work. Accuracy level is high and dedicated type of computer.

States and capitals of India

States	Area at Km2	Capital	Languages
Jammu & Kashmir	222263	Srinagar & Jammu	Urdu, Kashmiri, Dogri, Balti, Gujri, Dadri
Sikkim	7096	Gangtok	Bhutia,Lepcha,Limbu, Nepali
Arunachal pradesh	83743	Itanagar	Monpa, Mizi, Aka, Khamti, Tangasa
Bihar	94163	Patna	Hindi
Chattrishgarh	135191	Raipur	Hindi
Goa	3702	Panaji	Marathi, Konkoni
Assam	78438	Dispur	Asomia
West bengal	88752	kolkata	Bangla/Bengali
Andhrapradesh	275045	Hydrabad	Telegu, Urdu
Tripura	10492	Agartala	Kokborak, Bangla
Punjab	50362	Chandigarh	Punjabi
Haryana	44212	Chandigarh	Hindi
Rajasthan	342239	Jaipur	Hindi, Rajashthani
Himachal Pradesh	55673	Shimla	Hindi, Pahari
Gujrat	196024	Gandhinagar	Gujrati, Hindi
Jharkhand	79714	Ranchi	Hindi
Madhyapradesh	308000	Bhopal	Hindi
Karnataka	191791	Bangalore	Kannar
Kerala	38863	Tiruvantapuram	Malayalam
Maharashtra	307713	Mumbai	Marathi, Hindi
Meghalaya	22429	Shilong	Garo, Khasi, English
Mijoram	21081	Ijol	Mijo, English
Manipur	22327	Imphal	Manipuri
Nagaland	16579	Kohima	English, Angomi, Otti, Chang, Sema, Lodha
Uttaranchal	55483	Deradun	Hindi
Odisha	155707	Bhubaneswar	Oriya
Tamil Nadu	130058	Chennai	Tamil
Uttarpradesh	238566	Luckhnow	Hindi, Urdu

Grain Producing States in India

Grains	States
Rice	West bengal, Uttarpradesh, Andhrapradesh
Jute	West bengal, Bihar, Assam
Wheat	Uttarpradesh, Punjab, Haryana
Potato	Uttarpradesh, West bengal, Bihar
Sugarcane	Uttarpradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra
Onion	Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka
Tobacco	Punjab, Tamil Nadu, West bengal, Maharashtra, Uttarpradesh
Barley	Uttarpradesh, Madhyapradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Punjab
Jower	Karnataka, Andhrapradesh, Maharashtra, Madhyapradesh
Bajra	Uttarpradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Haryana
Groundnut	Andhrapradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Gujarat
Cashew Nuts	Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhrapradesh
Coconut	Karnataka, Kerala, West bengal, Tamilnadu
Rapeseed & Mustard	Punjab, Haryana, Uttarpradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan
Maize	Bihar, Uttarpradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan
Silk	West bengal, Karnataka, Kerala
Turmeric	Tamil Nadu, Andhrapradesh, Odisha
Cardamom	Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Sikkim
Pepper	Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu
Ginger	Uttarpradesh, Meghalaya, Kerala

Indian Rivers

Origin-Journey-End

River form an important physical feature of a country just as the mountains and the seas. In fact the rivers are the connectors between the mountains and the seas. Rivers generally originate from the snowy top of a mountain and flow down the slopes and the plains, finally to meet the sea. A river does not grow in width and depth until it comes down to the plains and moves towards the sea.

Usefulness of river

As a river flows along the plains it erodes its either sides and carries the soil and the rocks up to its estuary where they are deposited often to form a delta. During the flow tide a river overflows its banks and covers them with its alluvial soil making the land fertile. We know that because of this Egypt is called the gift of the Nile. The river also provides passage from one place to another. In ancients time the merchants used to carry their merchandise along the rivers. Because of all these, most important cities and towns developed along the banks of rivers.

But rivers are not always the benefactors of man. Often during the monsoon the rivers overflow the blanks flooding vast areas. As a result numerous houses are damaged. Property worth Crores is lost beyond recovery. Thousands of people either die or become homeless. The rivers cause great damage to human life and property. Still we should consider the rivers as great friends of man. The gift of rivers is not only water for drinking and washing, it has other uses. It makes the land fertile, and acts as a means of transport. All these are essential for us.

Different layers of earth atmosphere

Troposphere:

The lowest layer of the earth's atmosphere. It consists of sky, dust particles and etc. It is the most untamed(disquiet) layer of the earth's atmosphere.

Stratosphere:

In this layer wind is quite. No water vapour is there and temperature is low and constant . There are lots of ozone layers present on the top of the stratosphere. This is the perfect layer for air plane.

Mesosphere:

The layer above the stratosphere is called mesosphere. In this layer the temperature is the lowest.